The Amazon has a total surface of 1.558.987 kilometers square and the access to the region takes place mainly by waterway or aerial. The climate is equatorial humid and the relative humidity is of around 80%.
The State has two defined climatic stations good: the station of rains (winter) and the dry station or with less frequent rains (summer). In the Amazon that is the highest points of Brazil: The Tip of the Fog and the tip 31 of March, both in the border.
This zone has the greater hydrographic network of the planet. The Amazon is known like the greater river of the world in volume of water. The name “Amazon” is of indigenous origin, comes from the word amassunu, that water noise means “, water that resounds”.
The State of the floresta was shortage during a Spanish expedition, in 1541. The stories speak of a fertile earth in myths, natural fantasies and beauties. After so many adventures, the region ended up being left and fell in the forgetfulness, until religious Sundays of Brieba and Andres Toledo, realized a new expedition, lowering the Amazon River, and waking up the interest of other Portuguese captains.
Who took the position of maximum responsibility was Pedro Teixeira. This trip, to the borders of the Amazonia, was realized in 1637. The extension was enormous: it went from the mouth of the Amazon River to the province of Quito and from the plateaus of the Guianas to the River basin of the Mamoré-Guaporé.
This territory is very many to consider itself totally explored and concentrates more tropical forest and more indigenous population than no other in all the country.
In the three decades of great wealth (1890-1910) provided by the rubber, the State maintained contact commercial and cultural with all the parts of the world, For being the capital, Manaus was the city more benefitting, and the “Paris of the Tropical” was called.
In 1967, the creation of the Frank Zone of Manaus indicated a new stage of prosperity, with the installation of the imported product commerce and the Industrial District. In the industry they emphasize the sectors electronic, optical, watchmaking and jeweller and, more recently, of computer science.
As of years 90, the world-wide interest in relation to the preservation of the environment and the new Brazilian economic order caused that Manaus returns its attentions to the development of its tourist potential.
The tourist who visits the Amazon has the opportunity to know the mysteries the tropical forest, through trained guides that allows him to know and to value the importance of the tropical forest and of the inhabitants who in her live.
The eco-tourism in the State comprises of the offered services: programs in boat, you spend the night in hotels of forest and strolls by the floresta. The “encounter is interesting from Waters”, phenomenon that takes place, approximately, to 10 km of Manaus. The dark waters of the Negro River are with waters white coffee of the Solimoes river. They run side to side, without mixing themselves, by an extension of six kilometers; then, together, they form the Amazon River. A whim of the nature very appreciated by the tourists.
The explanation of the phenomenon is the difference of densidad, temperature and speed of the affluents. If there is luck, some pink Tucuxi dolphins and dolphins can be seen.
By all means, the priority of many visitors is the access to the forest. The possibilities are varied: from an excursion of a day to a short stay in a comfortable refuge, happening through trips of several weeks in simpler lodgings, in the heat of encamping forest or on board a boat.
It enters the activities to realize emphasize: it fishes of pirañas, strolls by the forest with flora explanation and fauna, visits “caboclos” homes (families of mixed ancestry which they live next to the river) and sighting of dolphins of fresh water and birds.